How to Detect and Prevent Colorectal Cancer: Expert Advice from Dr. Josh Simmons

Colorectal cancer, often dubbed the silent killer, doesn't always come with early warning signs. However, there are ways you can lower your risk and screening options that help catch the disease in its early and most treatable stages. 

In this blog post, Dr. Josh Simmons, a medical oncologist at the Archbold Cancer Center, offers expert advice on what you need to know about colorectal cancer. 

What Is Colorectal Cancer and Who's at Risk? 

Colorectal cancer begins in the colon or rectum, the parts of your digestive system responsible for processing waste. This type of cancer can develop silently over time, often without showing symptoms in the early stages. 

"Colorectal cancer doesn't have to be deadly. If you know the risk factors and take early action, it's one of the most preventable and treatable cancers," says Dr. Simmons. 

Colorectal Cancer: Are You At Risk? 

• Age: Most cases occur in people over 50, though cases in younger adults are rising. 
• Family history: If a close relative has had colorectal cancer, your risk may be higher. 
• Lifestyle: Diets high in red or processed meats, lack of physical activity, and excessive alcohol use can increase risk. 
• Health conditions: Chronic inflammatory conditions like Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis can elevate risk. 

"While we can't change factors like family history, we can control our lifestyle choices," explains Dr. Simmons. "A balanced diet and regular exercise can play a big tole in prevention." 

Colorectal Cancer: Know The Warning Signs

Although colorectal cancer can present without symptoms early on, it's important to recognize the warning signs when they appear. 

Symptoms may include:

• Persistent changes in bowel habits (diarrhea, constipation, or narrowing of stools)
• Blood in the stool
• Abdominal pain or cramping
• Unexplained weight loss
• Fatigue or weakness

"If you notice any of these symptoms lasing more than a couple of weeks, don't wait- talk to your primary care provider right away," advises Dr. Simmons. "Early detection is critical for us to offer effective treatment."

Colorectal Cancer Screenings Save Lives

Screening is the first line of defense against colorectal cancer. Regular screenings can detect polyps (small growths) before they become cancerous. And as with any cancer screening, it's important to work with your doctor to establish a screening regimen that is best for you. 

"For most adults, colorectal cancer screenings should begin at age 45," says Dr. Simmons. "However, people with risk factors may need to start earlier. Your primary care provider will provide specific screening recommendations based on your age, health, lifestyle, and family history of colon cancer."

Common screening methods include:

• Colonoscopy: The gold standard for detection, allowing doctors to remove polyps during the procedure. 
• Stool tests: Non-invasive tests like FIT or Cologuard can detect signs of cancer in your stool. 
• CT colonography: Also known as a virtual colonoscopy, this test uses imaging to detect abnormalities in the colon. 

Can You Prevent Colorectal Cancer? 

While you can't completely prevent colorectal cancer, you can significantly reduce your risk through regular screenings, a healthy diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and fiber, regular exercise, and by avoiding risk factors like smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and a diet high in red and processed meats. Early detection through screenings is also crucial, as it can catch precancerous polyps before they develop into cancer. 

Here are several ways to make meaningful lifestyle changes that can help reduce your risk: 

• Eat more fiber: Incorporate fruits, vegetables, and whole grains into your meals. 
• Limit red and processed meats: Studies have linked high consumption of these foods to an increased cancer risk. 
• Exercise regularly: Aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate exercise most days of the week. 
• Quit smoking and limit alcohol: Both habits can increase your cancer risk. 

"Preventing cancer is always preferable to treating it," said Dr. Simmons. "It's all about making consistent, healthy choices that, over time, help keep your risk as low as possible."

Take Charge of Your Health

Colorectal cancer doesn't have to be a silent threat. Through regular screenings and healthy habits, you can significantly lower your risk. If you're due for a screening or have questions about your risk factors, schedule an appointment with your primary healthcare provider today. 

At the Archbold Cancer Center, we're here to support you every step of the way. For more information on colorectal cancer treatment or screening, call us at (229) 584-5400.